Wearable IoT Smart-Log Patch: An Edge Computing-Based Bayesian Deep Learning Network System for Multi Access Physical Monitoring System.

According to the survey on various health centres, smart log-based multi access physical monitoring system determines the health conditions of humans and their associated problems present in their lifestyle. At present, deficiency in significant nutrients leads to deterioration of organs, which creates various health problems, particularly for infants, children, and adults. Due to the importance of a multi access physical monitoring system, children and adolescents' physical activities should be continuously monitored for eliminating difficulties in their life using a smart environment system. Nowadays, in real-time necessity on multi access physical monitoring systems, information requirements and the effective diagnosis of health condition is the challenging task in practice. In this research, wearable smart-log patch with Internet of Things (IoT) sensors has been designed and developed with multimedia technology. Further, the data computation in that smart-log patch has been analysed using edge computing on Bayesian deep learning network (EC-BDLN), which helps to infer and identify various physical data collected from the humans in an accurate manner to monitor their physical activities. Then, the efficiency of this wearable IoT system with multimedia technology is evaluated using experimental results and discussed in terms of accuracy, efficiency, mean residual error, delay, and less energy consumption. This state-of-the-art smart-log patch is considered as one of evolutionary research in health checking of multi access physical monitoring systems with multimedia technology.

Cloud based framework for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus using K-means clustering.

Diabetes mellitus is a serious health problem affecting the entire population all over the world for many decades. It is a group of metabolic disorder characterized by chronic disease which occurs due to high blood sugar, unhealthy foods, lack of physical activity and also hereditary. The sorts of diabetes mellitus are type1, type2 and gestational diabetes. The type1 appears during childhood and type2 diabetes develop at any age, mostly affects older than 40. The gestational diabetes occurs for pregnant women. According to the statistical report of WHO 79% of deaths occurred in people under the age of 60, due to diabetes. With a specific end goal to deal with the vast volume, speed, assortment, veracity and estimation of information a scalable environment is needed. Cloud computing is an interesting computing model suitable for accommodating huge volume of dynamic data. To overcome the data handling problems this work focused on Hadoop framework along with clustering technique. This work also predicts the occurrence of diabetes under various circumstances which is more useful for the human. This paper also compares the efficiency of two different clustering techniques suitable for the environment. The predicted result is used to diagnose which age group and gender are mostly affected by diabetes. Further some of the attributes such as hyper tension and work nature are also taken into consideration for analysis.

Maintaining Security and Privacy in Health Care System Using Learning Based Deep-Q-Networks.

In the recent past, Internet of Things (IoT) plays a significant role in different applications such as health care, industrial sector, defense and research etc.… It provides effective framework in maintaining the security, privacy and reliability of the information in internet environment. Among various applications as mentioned health care place a major role, because security, privacy and reliability of the medical information is maintained in an effective way. Even though, IoT provides the effective protocols for maintaining the information, several intermediate attacks and intruders trying to access the health information which in turn reduce the privacy, security and reliability of the entire health care system in internet environment. As a result and to solve the issues, in this research Learning based Deep-Q-Networks has been introduced for reducing the malware attacks while managing the health information. This method examines the medical information in different layers according to the Q-learning concept which helps to minimize the intermediate attacks with less complexity. The efficiency of the system has been evaluated with the help of experimental results and discussions.

Tumor antigen ROR1 targeted drug delivery mediated selective leukemic but not normal B-cell cytotoxicity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells without compromising their normal counterparts pose a huge challenge for traditional drug design. Here we developed a tumor antigen-targeted delivery of immunonanoparticle carrying a novel non-immunosuppressive FTY720 derivative OSU-2S with potent cytotoxicity against leukemic B cells. OSU-2S induces activation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of SHP1(S591) and deregulation of multiple cellular processes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) resulting in potent cytotoxicity. To preclude OSU-2S-mediated effects on these ubiquitous phosphatases in unintended cells and avoid potential adverse effects, we developed an OSU-2S-targeted delivery of immunonanoparticles (2A2-OSU-2S-ILP), that mediated selective cytotoxicity of CLL but not normal B cells through targeting receptor tyrosine kinase ROR1 expressed in leukemic but not normal B cells. Developing a novel spontaneous CLL mouse model expressing human ROR1 (hROR1) in all leukemic B cells, we demonstrate the therapeutic benefit of enhanced survival with 2A2-OSU-2S-ILP in vivo. The newly developed non-immunosuppressive OSU-2S, its delivery using human CLL directed immunonanoparticles and the novel transgenic (Tg) mouse model of CLL that expresses hROR1 exclusively in leukemic B cell surface are highly innovative and can be applied to CLL and other ROR1+ malignancies including mantle cell lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Successful transplantation of in vitro expanded human corneal endothelial precursors to corneal endothelial surface using a nanocomposite sheets.

BACKGROUND: Though the transplantation of in vitro expanded human corneal endothelial precursors in animal models of endothelial damage by injecting into the anterior chamber has been reported, the practical difficulties of accomplishing such procedure in human patients have been a hurdle to clinical translation. Here we report the successful transplantation of in vitro expanded human corneal precursor cells to an animal eye using a transparent Nano-composite sheet and their engraftment. MATERIALS & METHODS: Human Corneal endothelial cells (HCEC) were isolated from human cadaver eyes with informed consent and expanded in the lab using a sphere forming assay in a novel Thermoreversible Gelation Polymer (TGP) for 26 days. HCEC obtained by sphere forming assay were seeded in a novel Nano-composite sheet, which was made of PNIPA-NC gels by in-situ, free-radical polymerization of NIPA monomer in the presence of exfoliated clay (synthetic hectorite "Laponite XLG") uniformly dispersed in aqueous media. After a further seven days in vitro culture of HCEC in the Nano-composite sheet, cells were harvested and transplanted on cadaver-bovine eyes (n=3). The cells were injected between the corneal endothelial layer and the Nano-composite sheet that had been placed prior to the injection in close proximity to the endothelial layer. After three hours, the transplanted Nano-composite sheets were removed from the bovine eyes and subjected to microscopic examination. The corneas were subjected to Histo-pathological studies along with controls. RESULTS: HCEC formed sphere like colonies in TGP which expressed relevant markers as confirmed by RT-PCR. Microscopic studies of the Nanosheets and histopathological studies of the cornea of the Bull's eye revealed that the HCEC got engrafted to the corneal endothelial layer of the bovine eyes with no remnant cells in the Nanosheet. CONCLUSION: Transplantation of in vitro expanded donor human corneal endothelial cells using a transparent Nano-composite sheet was feasible in bovine eyes and the HCEC an engrafted within three hours of transplantation. Pilot human studies could be planned for utilization of this material and strategy.

Our experience of application of Autologous Bone Marrow Stem Cells in critical limb ischemia in six diabetic patients - A five-year follow-up.

BACKGROUND: Numerous Clinical studies have reported the safety and efficacy of injection of one Marrow and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear cells in patients with lower limb ischemia. Earlier we have reported the six months follow-up of successful application of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells in patients with Fontaine Stage IV critical limb ischemia due to diabetes. As a continuation of the previous study, herein we report the long term results of the six patients after a follow-up for five years. MATERIALS & METHODS: Six Diabetic patients with Fontaine Stage IV critical limb ischemia with ulcers were given intra-lesional injections of their autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC), isolated following the cGMP protocols. The patients have been followed up at regular intervals for five years after the treatment with all relevant clinical investigations. RESULTS: Six months follow-up results revealed that all the patients showed improvements with appearance of healthy granulation tissue and uniform revascularization. Complete healing was reported at a mean duration of nine months in five patients and one patient died due to a complication of renal failure, peritoneal dialysis and cardiac failure, which were unrelated to the BMMNC injection. Five year continuous follow-up revealed that the healed tissue with or without skin grafting remained healthy in all the five patients and two of the patients are able to walk without support with a pain free walking distance of greater than 100m.There were no adverse effects in any of the patients.. CONCLUSION: Autologous bone marrow stem cell therapy has been found to be salvaging the affected limb in patients with Fontaine Stage IV Critical Limb ischemia patients where revascularization was not feasible. Hence with our experience of six patients we recommend that the same should be considered in patients of similar clinical parameters before considering an amputation.

Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory activity and toxicity studies of Chloroxylon sweitenia in Rats.

The extract of Chloroxylon sweitenia (Family: Rutaceae) leaves were investigated for its anti-inflammatory activity at the different doses in the standard animal models. The experimental paradigms used were carrageenan induced rat paw oedema (acute), and cotton pellet induced granuloma (chronic) models in rats for anti-inflammatory activity. In rats the toxicity was also performed for the extract by oral administration. The chloroform extract of Chloroxylon sweitenia (CECS) exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effect at the dose 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg. Maximum inhibition (55.32 %) was noted at the dose of 200 mg/kg after 3 h of drug treatment in carrageenan induced paw oedema, whereas the Diclofenac (standard drug) produced 61.33 % of inhibition. In the chronic model (cotton pellet induced granuloma) the CECS (200 mg/kg) and standard drug showed decreased formation of granuloma tissue by 52.32 % and 56.32 % (p < 0.001) respectively. The CECS further evaluated for their toxicity effect at the doses of 100 mg/kg administered for 14 days to orally in rats. At the end of experiments the blood, liver function and kidney metabolism was observed. The effect of CECS was assessed by the change in the body weight, lipid peroxidation and glutathione content (GSH) activities were measured from hepatic tissues. The hematological profile and different biochemical parameters such as SGOT, SGPT, and ALP were also estimated. Thus, the present study revealed that the chloroform extract of Chloroxylon sweitenia exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in the tested models Toxicity study indicates that the extract is non-toxic at the tested doses.